Router TFTP Recovery
IP Reference Table

Essential toolkit for router TFTP recovery: IP lookup, Router IP discovery, and PC IP setup.

πŸ“‹ IP Lookup πŸ” Find Router IP πŸ’» Set PC IP

πŸ“‹ IP Quick Reference

Set your computer's IP to the following address, then connect to the router's LAN port via Ethernet cable.

Brand PC IP Address Firmware Format Mode How to Enter Reference
TP-Link 192.168.0.66 *-factory.bin TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on TP-Link Official
Xiaomi 192.168.31.100 *-bin TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on (wait for Amber light) Xiaomi Guide
ASUS 192.168.1.100 *-trx TFTP Server Hold WPS + Power on ASUS Official
H3C 192.168.1.254 *-initramfs-recovery.itb TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on H3C Guide
NETGEAR 192.168.1.2 *-chk TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on NMRPflash Tool
Tenda 192.168.0.100 *-bin TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on Tenda Official
CUDY 192.168.0.66 *-bin TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on CUDY Official
360 192.168.0.66 *-bin TFTP Client Hold Reset + Power on 360 Official
ImmortalWrt 192.168.1.254 *-initramfs-recovery.itb Open Source - Install Guide
OpenWrt - *-bin Open Source - OpenWrt Official

πŸ”§ Router Mode Explanation

πŸ“₯ TFTP Client

The router actively searches for the computer to download firmware. Your PC must run a TFTP server and wait.

  • TP-Link, Xiaomi, H3C, NETGEAR, Tenda, CUDY, 360

πŸ“€ TFTP Server

The router acts as a server waiting for the computer to upload firmware. Your PC acts as a client and initiates the upload.

  • ASUS (in Rescue Mode)

⚠️ Note: ASUS routers in Rescue Mode act as TFTP servers; the computer needs to push the firmware.





πŸ” Find Router IP

How to determine the TFTP Server IP?
Since routers have no display in recovery mode, we use the Mac Terminal to capture ARP requests sent by the router to identify the target IP.

πŸ“‹ Operation Steps:

  1. Open Mac Terminal
    • Option 1: Press Command + Space, type "Terminal", and hit Enter.
    • Option 2: Click the Spotlight icon πŸ” and search for "Terminal".
    • Option 3: Open Launchpad πŸš€ and find "Terminal".
  2. Enter the following command and hit Enter:
    3. sudo tcpdump -i any arp -n -tt
  3. Enter your Mac password (characters won't show while typing, just hit Enter).
  4. Now put the router into recovery mode (refer to step 1).
  5. Wait 10-20 seconds for ARP packet information to appear.
  6. Press Ctrl + C to stop capturing.

πŸ” Analyze ARP Request:

Paste the content from the Terminal into the box below and click "Analyze":

πŸ’‘ Tip:
  • The ARP request will show the router asking "Who has 192.168.1.X?"
  • This IP is what your Mac should be set to (within the same subnet as the router).




πŸ’» Set Computer IP

After identifying the required IP for your brand, follow these steps to configure your PC.

πŸ“‹ Mac Setup Steps

  1. Open System Settings β†’ Network
  2. Click Ethernet (or USB to Ethernet) on the left
  3. Click the Details... button on the right
  4. Select the TCP/IP tab
  5. Change Configure IPv4 to Manually
  6. Set the following parameters:
  • IP Address: Set to target IP (e.g., 192.168.1.254)
  • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
  • Router: Leave blank
  • DNS: Leave blank
  1. Click OK to save

πŸ“‹ Windows Setup Steps

  1. Open Control Panel β†’ Network and Sharing Center
  2. Click Ethernet β†’ Properties
  3. Double-click Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)
  4. Select "Use the following IP address"
  5. Set the following parameters:
  • IP Address: Set to target IP (e.g., 192.168.1.254)
  • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
  • Default Gateway: Leave blank
  • Preferred DNS Server: Leave blank
  1. Click OK to save

⚠️ Important Notes

  • Turn off Wi-Fi before setup to avoid IP conflicts.
  • Ensure the Ethernet cable is connected to the LAN port (not WAN).
  • It is recommended to temporarily disable your firewall.