Choose the recovery path before retrying TFTP

After a failed flash, first confirm the brand, model, Mac IP, firmware file, and recovery mode.

Router recovery behavior varies by brand. Start here to choose a calmer path: TP-Link, H3C, OpenWrt / ImmortalWrt, and other standard TFTP Server cases can continue into Mac-side preparation; ASUS, NETGEAR, and advanced TTL cases should be treated as capability-boundary checks first.

Check Mac Recovery Setup Choose a brand path

Choose the next step by brand

If you are not sure which IP or firmware filename your router expects, do not keep power-cycling and guessing. Pick the closest brand path, confirm whether standard TFTP recovery applies, then enter recovery mode.

TP-Link TFTP Recovery

For TP-Link routers whose model guide asks the computer to run a TFTP Server. Confirm hardware version, static IP, and firmware filename first.

View TP-Link Path

ASUS Recovery

Start with ASUS Rescue Mode, official firmware, 192.168.1.10, and active TFTP response checks for selected ASUS profiles.

View ASUS Recovery

NETGEAR TFTP Recovery

Use the current App only when the exact guide says standard TFTP Server and the router requests firmware. NMRP and vendor flows are separate.

View NETGEAR Boundary Notes

OpenWrt / ImmortalWrt Recovery

For failed flashes, unreachable LuCI, or routers that respond only briefly during startup. Confirm image type and Mac network settings first.

View OpenWrt Recovery

H3C NX30 Pro Example

A model-specific example covering TFTP recovery mode, Mac static IP, recovery firmware, and LuCI login after recovery.

View H3C Example

Xiaomi / Redmi Advanced Recovery

Some Xiaomi and Redmi devices may require TTL, U-Boot, or disassembly. Ordinary users should first check whether standard TFTP or Web recovery still applies.

View Advanced TTL Path

Choose by Router Recovery 2.1 method

The App now presents several recovery method families. Use this map as the website entrance for those same families, while keeping each product boundary clear.

ASUS Rescue / TFTP

ASUS Rescue Mode and active TFTP checks for selected profiles and verified reference devices. This is not a universal ASUS supported-model list.

Open ASUS Rescue Mode

OpenWrt / ImmortalWrt TFTP

Standard TFTP Server preparation when a router recovery guide asks the Mac to serve OpenWrt or ImmortalWrt firmware.

Open OpenWrt TFTP Path

TP-Link Web Recovery

App-assisted checklist for local browser recovery pages, such as the observed Archer AX55 Firmware Upgrade page. Use this path when firmware upload happens in the browser, not through TFTP transfer.

Check TP-Link Web Recovery

NETGEAR NMRP Guide

NMRP is a boundary/reference path. Use it to identify when standard TFTP is the wrong first step; do not treat it as an App-supported transfer.

Open NETGEAR Boundary

Other TFTP Request Mode

For routers that request firmware from the Mac, prepare the TFTP Server, Ethernet, static IP, firmware folder, and recovery timing.

Open Standard TFTP Path
Mac user checkpoint: before entering the recovery window, confirm that the TFTP Server is listening on the correct Ethernet interface, the Mac static IP is in the router recovery subnet, the firmware file is in the served folder, and the filename matches the model requirement.

Download Router Recovery for Mac

Use the standard recovery path first

For most users trying to recover a router, the next step is not reading more model tables. First stabilize one concrete recovery scene: exact model, hardware version, firmware file, Mac static IP, Ethernet, TFTP Server folder, and recovery mode. Once those match, the short TFTP recovery window is worth trying.

Current state Do this first Next step
You know the brand, but not the IP or filename Open the brand path and confirm the exact model and hardware version Choose a brand path
Your guide asks the Mac/computer to run a TFTP Server Prepare Ethernet, static IP, TFTP folder, and the expected firmware filename Start Router Recovery Setup
A page or forum immediately asks for TTL, Breed, or a programmer Pause and confirm whether Web recovery, vendor recovery, or standard TFTP still applies Check the advanced-path boundary

Advanced paths are a boundary, not the default entry

TTL, Breed, U-Boot modification, programmer flashing, and disassembly add significant risk. Unless ordinary recovery windows are unavailable, or the exact model guide clearly requires these steps, complete the standard TFTP/Web/vendor recovery checks first.

Router Recovery helps Mac users prepare and check the TFTP Server recovery environment. It does not guarantee recovery and does not replace bootloader work, TTL wiring, or hardware repair judgment. Recovery depends on model, firmware file, bootloader state, and whether the router truly enters recovery mode.

If recovery fails, check these first

If the router never requests the file, times out, or ignores the firmware, use the failure checklist before changing models, filenames, or advanced recovery paths.

Mac network

Use Ethernet for recovery and temporarily turn off Wi-Fi so the TFTP request does not use the wrong interface. The Mac static IP must match the router recovery subnet.

Firmware file

Check brand, model, hardware version, factory/sysupgrade image type, and filename. If the filename is wrong, the router may never request or accept the file.

Recovery mode

Many routers request TFTP only during a short startup window. Prepare the TFTP Server first, then power-cycle and hold buttons exactly as the model requires.

Open the TFTP recovery failure checklist

Run a TFTP Recovery Check

Show the old brand/model reference tables (advanced reference only)

Quick Navigation

TP-Link Tenda Mercury H3C Netgear ASUS Xiaomi/Redmi Huawei/Honor Linksys D-Link Ubiquiti GL.iNet Cudy Phicomm MikroTik Other Brands

Tenda TFTP Recovery

Note: Most Tenda routers require a serial port or specific button combination to trigger TFTP mode.
Model Hardware Version TFTP IP Difficulty
FH1202 V1/V2 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
F3 V1/V2/V3 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
F6 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
AC6 V1/V2 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
AC10 V1/V2/V3 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
AC15 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
AC18 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
K2 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
K3 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
AX12 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
BE7200 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
BE3600 V1 TFTP Mode ⭐⭐ Medium
↑ Back to Top

H3C TFTP Recovery

Note: Some H3C models support flash without opening the case via FTP/TFTP, requiring SSH to be enabled first.
Model Hardware Version TFTP IP Difficulty
NX30 Pro V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
NX30 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
Magic R100 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R200 V1/V2 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R300 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
GR-2200 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
H3C NX30 Pro Tutorial β†’ ↑ Back to Top

Netgear TFTP Recovery

Boundary: NETGEAR recovery varies widely and may involve NMRP or vendor-specific flows. The current App fits only standard TFTP Server cases where the router requests a firmware file from the Mac.
Model Hardware Version TFTP IP Difficulty
R7000 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R6400 V1/V2 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R6220 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R6700 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R6800 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
R8000 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
RAX50 V1 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
Orbi RBK50 - 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
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ASUS TFTP Recovery

Boundary: ASUS recovery often uses Firmware Restoration or active push-style flows, so it is not a primary current App path. Confirm the exact model and official flow first.
Model TFTP IP Firmware Format Difficulty
RT-N12 / RT-N12+ / RT-N12E 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
RT-AC51U / RT-AC66U / RT-AC68U 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
RT-AC87U / RT-AC88U / RT-AC3100 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
RT-AX55 / RT-AX56U / RT-AX58U 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
RT-AX82U / RT-AX86U / RT-AX88U 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
ROG GT-AX6000 / GT-AX11000 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
ZenWiFi AX / XD4 / XD6 192.168.1.1 .trx ⭐⭐ Medium
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Xiaomi/Redmi TFTP Recovery

Note: Xiaomi routers have weak native TFTP support; TTL serial is the main recovery method.
Model Difficulty Recovery Method
Xiaomi Router Mini ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Xiaomi Router 3 / 3A / 3C / 3G ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Xiaomi Router 4 / 4A ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Redmi Router AC2100 ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Redmi Router AX6 ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
View Xiaomi WR30U Advanced Reference β†’ ↑ Back to Top

Huawei/Honor TFTP Recovery

Note: Huawei/Honor routers mainly rely on TTL serial for recovery.
Model Difficulty Recovery Method
Huawei WS550 / WS650 ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Huawei AX3 ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
Honor Router X1 / X2 ⭐⭐⭐ Difficult TTL Serial
↑ Back to Top

Linksys TFTP Recovery

Model TFTP IP Difficulty
WRT54G / WRT54GL 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
WRT160N / WRT310N / WRT610N 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
EA3500 / EA4500 / EA6200 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
EA6350 / EA7300 / EA7500 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
MR8300 / MR9000 / MR9600 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
Velop (WHW0301/02/03) 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
Orbi (MX4200 / MX5300) 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
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Cudy TFTP Recovery

Steps: Download official firmware, rename to recovery.bin, place in TFTP tool directory, hold Reset and power on.
Model TFTP IP Difficulty
WR300 / WR3000 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
AX1800 / AX3000 / AX6000 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
TR3000 192.168.1.2 ⭐ Easy
WR2100 / LT400 / LT450v2 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
M3000 / P5 / WU1300 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
↑ Back to Top

GL.iNet TFTP Recovery

Feature: GL.iNet routers natively support OpenWrt with built-in TFTP functionality.
Model TFTP IP Difficulty
GL-AR150 / GL-AR300M / GL-AR750 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
GL-B1300 / GL-S1300 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
GL-XE300 / GL-MT300N / GL-MT300A 192.168.1.1 ⭐ Easy
↑ Back to Top

MikroTik TFTP Recovery

Note: MikroTik uses the proprietary Netinstall tool (not standard TFTP), but the principle is similar.
Model Tool Difficulty
RouterBOARD 750 / 750G / 951 Netinstall ⭐⭐ Medium
RouterBOARD 2011 / 3011 Netinstall ⭐⭐ Medium
hAP mini / hAP ac / hAP ax Netinstall ⭐⭐ Medium
cAP Netinstall ⭐⭐ Medium
↑ Back to Top

Other Brands

D-Link

Model TFTP IP Difficulty
DIR-600 / DIR-615 / DIR-825 / DIR-842 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium

Ubiquiti

Model TFTP IP Difficulty
EdgeRouter X / Lite / 4 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
UniFi Security Gateway / Dream Machine 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium
UniFi Dream Router (UDM) 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium

Mercury

Model TFTP IP Difficulty
MAC1200R / AC12 / AC9 192.168.0.66 ⭐ Easy

Phicomm

Model TFTP IP Difficulty
K2 / K2P / K3 192.168.1.1 ⭐⭐ Medium

TenDA

Note: Most Tenda models require serial port or specific button combinations to enter TFTP recovery mode. See the Tenda section above for the full model list.
↑ Back to Top

Difficulty Reference

Difficulty Brand Examples Recovery Requirements
⭐ Easy TP-Link (older), Cudy, GL.iNet, Mercury Standard TFTP; hold Reset + power on
⭐⭐ Medium TP-Link (newer), H3C, documented standard TFTP models TFTP Server + recovery mode; confirm model-specific filename and Mac IP
⭐⭐⭐ Difficult Xiaomi, Redmi, Huawei, Honor TTL serial required; some need serial file transfer (Kermit)